See comunicacioun in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "communication"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*mey-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mey-#Proto-Indo-European:_change"
],
[
"*kommoinis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kommoinis"
],
[
"comoinis",
"comoinis#Latin:_common"
],
[
"commūnis",
"communis#Latin"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_suf"
],
[
"*-h₂ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂ti"
],
[
"*-āō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō#Proto-Italic:_suf"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"-icō",
"-ico#Latin"
],
[
"commūnicō",
"communico#Latin"
],
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis"
],
[
"*-Hō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-Hō"
],
[
"*-tiō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tiō"
],
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
],
[
"commūnicātiōnem",
"communicatio#Latin"
],
[
"communicacion",
"communicacion#Old_French"
],
[
"communicacion",
"communicacion#Old_French"
],
[
"communicacion",
"communicacion#Middle_French"
],
[
"commūnicātiō",
"communicatio#Latin"
],
[
"communicacion",
"communicacion#Old_French"
],
[
"communicacion",
"communicacion#Middle_French"
],
[
"commūnicātiō",
"communicatio#Latin"
],
[
"comun",
"comun#Middle_English"
]
],
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{
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"1": "enm",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "xno:communicacion",
"4": "frm:communicacion<ety:inh<fro:communicacion>>",
"5": "la:commūnicātiō",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s\nProto-Italic *kommoinis\nOld Latin comoinis\nLatin commūnis\nLatin -ic-\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -icō\nLatin commūnicō\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin commūnicātiōnemlbor.\nAnglo-Norman communicacionbor.\n▲\nOld French communicacion\nMiddle French communicacionbor.\n▲\nLatin commūnicātiōbor.\nMiddle English comunicacioun\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"commūnicātiōnem\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"common, public, general\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"common\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*ḱom-moy-ni-s\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"change\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*mey-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kommoinis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"comoinis\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"commūnis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-ic-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-icō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"commūnicō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tiHō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-Hō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], 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"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "xno",
"3": "communicacion"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman communicacion",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "frm",
"3": "communicacion"
},
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"name": "bor"
},
{
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},
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"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "commūnicātiō"
},
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"name": "bor"
},
{
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"2": ":bor",
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"tree": "1"
},
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"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s\nProto-Italic *kommoinis\nOld Latin comoinis\nLatin commūnis\nLatin -ic-\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -icō\nLatin commūnicō\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin commūnicātiōnemlbor.\nAnglo-Norman communicacionbor.\n▲\nOld French communicacion\nMiddle French communicacionbor.\n▲\nLatin commūnicātiōbor.\nMiddle English comunicacioun\nBorrowed from Anglo-Norman communicacion, Middle French communicacion, or their etymon Latin commūnicātiō; compare comun (“common”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "comenycacion",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cominicacioun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cominicasion",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "communecacoun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "communicacion",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "communication",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "communycacioun",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "communycacyon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "commynycacioun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "comunicacion",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
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"alternative"
]
},
{
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]
},
{
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "comynycacioun",
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]
},
{
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]
}
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"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
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"name": "head"
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{
"args": {
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},
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"name": "enm-noun"
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{
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"2": "mostly",
"3": "Late ME",
"4": "formal"
},
"expansion": "(chiefly Late Middle English, formal)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
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],
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"Interconnection, interaction; the state of being associated:",
"Discussion, deliberation, conferral."
],
"id": "en-comunicacioun-enm-noun-XguURyyc",
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"interconnection"
],
[
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[
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"associate"
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[
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"discussion"
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[
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[
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"Interconnection, interaction; the state of being associated:",
"An instance of discussion or debate; a meeting."
],
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"Interconnection",
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],
[
"interaction",
"interaction"
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[
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"associate"
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[
"discussion",
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[
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"english": "Using the example of this ministry, they will glorify God through the obedience [that comes] from your acknowledgement of the gospel of Christ and the generosity of your sharing with them and everyone [else].",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Coꝛinthis ·ii· 9:13, folio 70, verso, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "bı þe pꝛeuyng of þıs mynyſterie / whıche gloꝛifıen god ın þe obedıence of ȝoure knoulechyng in þe goſpel of crıſt⹎ ⁊ ın ſympleneſſe of comynycacıoũ ın to hẽ ⁊ ın to alle",
"translation": "Using the example of this ministry, they will glorify God through the obedience [that comes] from your acknowledgement of the gospel of Christ and the generosity of your sharing with them and everyone [else].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"Distribution, sharing."
],
"id": "en-comunicacioun-enm-noun-FEco0f88",
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],
[
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]
],
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"(rare) Distribution, sharing."
],
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"formal",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
},
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"Interconnection, interaction; the state of being associated:",
"(rare) A communication or message."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"formal",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Similitude, resemblance."
],
"id": "en-comunicacioun-enm-noun-Gn5hO75q",
"links": [
[
"Similitude",
"similitude"
],
[
"resemblance",
"resemblance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Similitude, resemblance."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"formal",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Frequency, commonness."
],
"id": "en-comunicacioun-enm-noun-P-g69R4c",
"links": [
[
"Frequency",
"frequency"
],
[
"commonness",
"commonness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Frequency, commonness."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"formal",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔˌmiu̯niˌkaːsiˈuːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔˌmiu̯niˈkaːsjun/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔmini-/"
}
],
"word": "comunicacioun"
}
{
"categories": [
"Late Middle English",
"Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"Middle English entries with etymon",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English formal terms",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Latin",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Middle French",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- (change)",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"enm:Communication",
"enm:People"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "communication"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*mey-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mey-#Proto-Indo-European:_change"
],
[
"*kommoinis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kommoinis"
],
[
"comoinis",
"comoinis#Latin:_common"
],
[
"commūnis",
"communis#Latin"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_suf"
],
[
"*-h₂ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂ti"
],
[
"*-āō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō#Proto-Italic:_suf"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"-icō",
"-ico#Latin"
],
[
"commūnicō",
"communico#Latin"
],
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis"
],
[
"*-Hō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-Hō"
],
[
"*-tiō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tiō"
],
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
],
[
"commūnicātiōnem",
"communicatio#Latin"
],
[
"communicacion",
"communicacion#Old_French"
],
[
"communicacion",
"communicacion#Old_French"
],
[
"communicacion",
"communicacion#Middle_French"
],
[
"commūnicātiō",
"communicatio#Latin"
],
[
"communicacion",
"communicacion#Old_French"
],
[
"communicacion",
"communicacion#Middle_French"
],
[
"commūnicātiō",
"communicatio#Latin"
],
[
"comun",
"comun#Middle_English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "xno:communicacion",
"4": "frm:communicacion<ety:inh<fro:communicacion>>",
"5": "la:commūnicātiō",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s\nProto-Italic *kommoinis\nOld Latin comoinis\nLatin commūnis\nLatin -ic-\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -icō\nLatin commūnicō\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin commūnicātiōnemlbor.\nAnglo-Norman communicacionbor.\n▲\nOld French communicacion\nMiddle French communicacionbor.\n▲\nLatin commūnicātiōbor.\nMiddle English comunicacioun\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"commūnicātiōnem\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"common, public, general\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"common\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*ḱom-moy-ni-s\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"change\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*mey-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kommoinis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"comoinis\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"commūnis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-ic-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-icō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"commūnicō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tiHō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-Hō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"commūnicātiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Anglo-Norman\", \"term\" : \"communicacion\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"xno\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : [ \"fro\", \":lbor\", \"la:commūnicātiō<alt:commūnicātiōnem>\" ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"communicacion\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"communicacion\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":af\", \"3\" : \"commūnicō\", \"4\" : \"-tiō\", \"text\" : \"+\", \"title\" : \"commūnicātiō\", \"tree\" : \"1\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"commūnicātiō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"comunicacioun\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"comunicacioun\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "communicacion"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman communicacion",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frm",
"3": "communicacion"
},
"expansion": "Middle French communicacion",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "commūnicātiō"
},
"expansion": "Latin commūnicātiō",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "xno:communicacion",
"4": "frm:communicacion<ety:inh<fro:communicacion>>",
"5": "la:commūnicātiō",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s\nProto-Italic *kommoinis\nOld Latin comoinis\nLatin commūnis\nLatin -ic-\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -icō\nLatin commūnicō\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin commūnicātiōnemlbor.\nAnglo-Norman communicacionbor.\n▲\nOld French communicacion\nMiddle French communicacionbor.\n▲\nLatin commūnicātiōbor.\nMiddle English comunicacioun",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s\nProto-Italic *kommoinis\nOld Latin comoinis\nLatin commūnis\nLatin -ic-\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -icō\nLatin commūnicō\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin commūnicātiōnemlbor.\nAnglo-Norman communicacionbor.\n▲\nOld French communicacion\nMiddle French communicacionbor.\n▲\nLatin commūnicātiōbor.\nMiddle English comunicacioun\nBorrowed from Anglo-Norman communicacion, Middle French communicacion, or their etymon Latin commūnicātiō; compare comun (“common”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "comenycacion",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cominicacioun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cominicasion",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "communecacoun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "communicacion",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "communication",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "communycacion",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "communycacioun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "communycacyon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "commynycacioun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "comownycacyon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "comunicacion",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "comunicacyon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "comunicacyoun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "comunycacyoun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "comynycacioun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "komynykasyon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "comunicacioun",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "comunicacioun (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mostly",
"3": "Late ME",
"4": "formal"
},
"expansion": "(chiefly Late Middle English, formal)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Interconnection, interaction; the state of being associated:",
"Discussion, deliberation, conferral."
],
"links": [
[
"Interconnection",
"interconnection"
],
[
"interaction",
"interaction"
],
[
"associate",
"associate"
],
[
"Discussion",
"discussion"
],
[
"deliberation",
"deliberation"
],
[
"conferral",
"conferral"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"formal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Interconnection, interaction; the state of being associated:",
"An instance of discussion or debate; a meeting."
],
"links": [
[
"Interconnection",
"interconnection"
],
[
"interaction",
"interaction"
],
[
"associate",
"associate"
],
[
"discussion",
"discussion"
],
[
"debate",
"debate"
],
[
"meeting",
"meeting"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"formal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
135,
147
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
170,
177
]
],
"english": "Using the example of this ministry, they will glorify God through the obedience [that comes] from your acknowledgement of the gospel of Christ and the generosity of your sharing with them and everyone [else].",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Coꝛinthis ·ii· 9:13, folio 70, verso, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "bı þe pꝛeuyng of þıs mynyſterie / whıche gloꝛifıen god ın þe obedıence of ȝoure knoulechyng in þe goſpel of crıſt⹎ ⁊ ın ſympleneſſe of comynycacıoũ ın to hẽ ⁊ ın to alle",
"translation": "Using the example of this ministry, they will glorify God through the obedience [that comes] from your acknowledgement of the gospel of Christ and the generosity of your sharing with them and everyone [else].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Interconnection, interaction; the state of being associated:",
"Distribution, sharing."
],
"links": [
[
"Interconnection",
"interconnection"
],
[
"interaction",
"interaction"
],
[
"associate",
"associate"
],
[
"Distribution",
"distribution"
],
[
"sharing",
"sharing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Interconnection, interaction; the state of being associated:",
"(rare) Distribution, sharing."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"formal",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Interconnection, interaction; the state of being associated:",
"A communication or message."
],
"links": [
[
"Interconnection",
"interconnection"
],
[
"interaction",
"interaction"
],
[
"associate",
"associate"
],
[
"communication",
"communication"
],
[
"message",
"message"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Interconnection, interaction; the state of being associated:",
"(rare) A communication or message."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"formal",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Similitude, resemblance."
],
"links": [
[
"Similitude",
"similitude"
],
[
"resemblance",
"resemblance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Similitude, resemblance."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"formal",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Frequency, commonness."
],
"links": [
[
"Frequency",
"frequency"
],
[
"commonness",
"commonness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Frequency, commonness."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"formal",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔˌmiu̯niˌkaːsiˈuːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔˌmiu̯niˈkaːsjun/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔmini-/"
}
],
"word": "comunicacioun"
}
Download raw JSONL data for comunicacioun meaning in Middle English (16.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (f9fe161 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.